Dạng động từ và cấu trúc · CEFR A2 · Irregular Verbs

Irregular Verbs: Same Form in All Three Parts

1Công thức

base = past simple = past participle

2Giải thích

Nhóm động từ bất quy tắc có dạng nguyên mẫu, quá khứ đơn và quá khứ phân từ giống hệt nhau (cut, put, hit...). Chỉ ngữ cảnh cho biết thì của câu; read viết giống nhau nhưng quá khứ phát âm là /red/.

Irregular verbs whose base form, past simple and past participle are identical (cut, put, hit...). Only context shows the tense, and read is spelt the same but pronounced differently in the past (/red/).

3Khi nào dùng

Forming the past simple
Forming perfect tenses and the passive with the past participle

4Quy tắc cần nhớ

Irregular verbs do not take -ed in the past simple or past participle
Use the base form after did/didn't and after modals
Where two forms are shown (burnt/burned), both are accepted; British English often prefers -t forms, American English -ed forms, and got/gotten differs between British and American usage

5Ví dụ

I cut my finger yesterday.
Have you put the keys on the table?
She read the whole novel last weekend.

6Lỗi thường gặp

Past simple used as participle: I have went / have wrote (should be have gone / have written)
Participle used as past simple: She seen the film (should be She saw)
Adding -ed to an irregular verb: buyed, teached (bought, taught)