Modals of Probability and Possibility
1Công thức
should/ought to + base verb or have + past participle (probability); may/might/could + base verb or have + past participle (possibility)2Giải thích
Should/ought to diễn tả điều dự kiến sẽ xảy ra; may/might/could diễn tả khả năng, kém chắc chắn hơn. Dạng hoàn thành (may/might/could have + V3) dùng cho quá khứ, đôi khi chỉ điều suýt xảy ra.
Should and ought to express probability (what we expect), while may, might and could express possibility (less certain). Perfect forms refer to the past, and could/might have + past participle can also describe a hypothetical past.
Dấu hiệu: perhapsprobablypossibly
3Khi nào dùng
- Expected outcomes (should/ought to)
- Possibilities in the present or future (may/might/could)
- Possibilities about the past (may/might/could have + past participle)
- Hypothetical past results (could/might have + past participle)
4Quy tắc cần nhớ
- Could/might/may have + past participle is used when we do not know what happened
- Could have/might have + past participle can also show something that nearly happened
5Ví dụ
The train should arrive in ten minutes.
She might be working late tonight.
You could have been injured if you hadn't worn a helmet.
6Lỗi thường gặp
- It may rain tomorrow, so don't forget. (correct) but: It may to rain tomorrow. (may rain)
- He might has left already. (might have left)